Reference

Glossary


BTU
British Thermal Unit. One BTU is the energy needed to raise one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. Heater output is rated in BTUs per hour.
Carbon fiber heating element
The flexible heating wire used in most heated apparel. Carbon fiber survives folding and washing better than the older metal-wire elements.
Convection heat
Heat delivered by warming air and circulating it. Slower to feel than radiant heat, but it raises the temperature of a whole enclosed room.
ETL listed
Tested by Intertek against the same UL safety standard. For a plug-in heater, an ETL or UL mark is the minimum bar worth considering.
IP rating
Ingress Protection rating. The first digit covers dust, the second water. IP64 means dust-tight and protected against splashing from any direction.
mAh
Milliamp hours, the capacity of a battery pack. Divide capacity by the garment draw to estimate run time, then take roughly 20 percent off for cold weather.
PTC heater
Positive Temperature Coefficient ceramic. The element self-limits as it warms, so it cannot run away to an unsafe temperature the way a bare coil can.
Radiant heat
Heat delivered as infrared energy that warms objects and people directly rather than warming the air first. It works outdoors where convection heat blows away.
Tip-over switch
A safety cutoff that kills power the moment a heater leaves its upright position. Look for it alongside overheat protection on any unattended heater.
Watt draw
How much electrical power a heater pulls while running. Watt draw sets both the heat output and the amount you pay per hour to run it.